![]() Gunfire broke out between the strikersĪnd the Pinkertons, who had been stranded on the riverbank. Frick tried to bring in three hundred Pinkerton guards surreptitiously, on two barges and a towboat up the Monongahela River, but as the guards tried to disembark on 6 July, they confronted a mass of armed workers and their families. Workers surrounded the plant with an armed picket line. The strike began on 1 July 1892, after the union suspended work and Frick closed the mills and announced his plans to reopen using nonunion labor. At the mills themselves, management dug in for a battle, ringing “Fort Frick, ” as the workers now named the plant, with watchtowers, gun slits, and a twelve-foot-high steel fence.īattle. Meanwhile, Frick contracted with the Pinkerton Detective Agency for a force of armed guards. Frick made his move in contract renewal negotiations in the spring of 1892, demanding wage reductions and announcing that the company would no longer bargain with Amalgamated. Homestead was the exception and, therefore, a test case for the union. ![]() However, it excluded unskilled workers and had failed to organize the larger steel plants. Amalgamated was founded in 1876 and by 1891 had a membership of more than twenty-four thousand, making it the largest craft union in the nation at the time. He came to Homestead, where twelve mills employed almost four thousand men, determined to dismantle the powerful leverage their union, the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, held over operations at the plant. As an operator of coal mines, Frick had established a reputation not only as a shrewd manager, but also as a tough union buster in 1890 he had violently suppressed strikes at his coalfields. But the man he chose in 1889 to manage affairs at his Homestead milk, Henry C. Prior to the strike, Carnegie had publicly endorsed unionization and had settled earlier disputes with his workers on relatively generous terms. Because of the prominence of its owner and because it was industries such as steel that were driving this new economy, the strike at Carnegie ’s Homestead steel plant in western Pennsylvania became an emblematic struggle of the age. One of the most violent business-labor clashes of this turbulent period involved a company that typified the new industriai economy: Carnegie Steel, which by 1892 had risen to become the nation ’s largest steelmaker. Though workers and members of the press tried to reach him, he remained inaccessible but stayed in communication with Frick, whose actions he endorsed.The Seeds of Trouble. While the conflict at Homestead was playing out, Carnegie was vacationing at a remote castle in Scotland, where he spent much of each year. Where did Carnegie go during the Homestead Strike? Three years later, in the winter of 1892, Andrew Carnegie, who had reluctantly negotiated the earlier settlement with workers, was in Europe and Henry Clay Frick-now head of the plant-sought to revoke sliding scale payment and cut wages as the cost of living rose. The Homestead strike inspired many workers, but it also underscored how difficult it was for any union to prevail against the combined power… Who was the head of the Homestead Steel Plant? With the Amalgamated Association virtually destroyed, Carnegie Steel moved quickly to institute longer hours and lower wages. The strike lost momentum and ended on November 20, 1892. What was the outcome of the Homestead Strike? In July 1892, a dispute between Carnegie Steel and the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers exploded into violence at a steel plant owned by Andrew Carnegie in Homestead, Pennsylvania. What was the end result of the Homestead strike quizlet? Who was involved in the Homestead Steel Strike? The guards were also expected to protect new workers that the company planned to bring in to replace the strikers. The guards were hired partly to protect the factory from the strikers. ![]() The strike at the Homestead became violent when the company brought in armed guards from out of town. Why did the Homestead Strike turned violent answers? ![]() Meanwhile, the Carnegie Steel Plant moved quickly to institute longer hours and lower wages. Many of the workers who struck permanently lost their jobs at the plant. The iron and steel workers union was defeated. What was the end result of the Homestead Strike quizlet? What caused the Homestead Strike and how was it ended? The conflict at homestead arose at a time when the fast changing America economy had stumbled and conflicts between labor and management had flared up all over the country. What caused the Homestead Strike quizlet? The central cause of the attack was a lockout announced on June 30, 1892, in response to workers’ protests against a pay cut. Homestead Steel strike is a rebellion of workers at the Andrew Carnegie steel mill in Homestead, Pennsylvania between June and November 1892.
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